The Eight Limbs of Yoga — the Patanjali path

The canonical 8-limb path from the Yoga Sutra of Patanjali (c. 200 BCE-200 CE). Hand-written guides to each limb. From yama (the ethics underneath everything) to samadhi (the absorption that gives yoga its name). The frame that holds every practice gab44 publishes.

How to use this page

The sequence matters. Patanjali wrote the limbs in this order deliberately: yamas (1) before niyamas (2), niyamas before asana (3), asana before pranayama (4), pranayama before pratyahara (5), pratyahara before dharana (6), dharana before dhyana (7), dhyana before samadhi (8). Each limb prepares the next. The practitioner who tries the higher limbs without the lower will collapse back; the practitioner who attends to the lower will find the higher arrive on their own.

The two zones. Limbs 1-4 (yama, niyama, asana, pranayama) are the outer zone — the ethical and physical foundation. Limbs 5-8 (pratyahara, dharana, dhyana, samadhi) are the inner zone — the mental and meditative work. Pranayama (limb 4) is the hinge between the two; it is the most-outer practice and the most-inner practice at the same time.

This is the frame. Every body-practice on gab44 — asanas, pranayamas, mudras, mantras, chakras — lives inside one of these eight limbs. Read the limbs to see where each practice belongs in the path, and what comes before and after.

limb 1 🌿
Yamas
यम
Restraints
The first limb. Five ethical restraints in how you treat the world: non-violence, truth, non-stealing, sexual integrity, non-grasping. The foundation under every other practice.
limb 2 ☀️
Niyamas
नियम
Observances
The second limb. Five ethical observances in how you tend yourself: cleanliness, contentment, discipline, self-study, surrender. The inward-facing complement to the yamas.
limb 3 🧘
Asana
आसन
Posture / seat
The third limb. Posture. The body that has become a steady, comfortable seat for the breath and the attention. The most-mistranslated limb of yoga in the modern West.
limb 4 🌬️
Pranayama
प्राणायाम
Prana = life-force / breath, ayama = extension / restraint
The fourth limb. Breath. The conscious regulation of the life-force. The bridge between body (outer limbs) and mind (inner limbs).
limb 5 👁️
Pratyahara
प्रत्याहार
Sense-withdrawal
The fifth limb. The senses withdraw from their objects and turn inward. The hinge between the body practices (limbs 1-4) and the mind practices (limbs 6-8).
limb 6 🎯
Dharana
धारणा
Concentration
The sixth limb. Single-pointed concentration. Attention bound to one object — a candle flame, a mantra, the breath, an image — and brought back every time it wanders.
limb 7 🪷
Dhyana
ध्यान
Meditation
The seventh limb. Meditation. The uninterrupted flow of attention. What dharana ripens into when the effort of binding is no longer needed.
limb 8
Samadhi
समाधि
Absorption
The eighth limb. Absorption. The state in which the duality between meditator and meditated dissolves. The destination of the entire eight-limb path — and the state that gives yoga its name.

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